[Closure of patent ductus arteriosus with OcclutechTM device, experience in an andean country]. / Cierre de conducto arterioso persistente con dispositivo OcclutechTM, experiencia en un país andino.

Background and Objective: To communicate the experience in an Andean country with the OcclutechTM Duct Occluder device for the closure of patent ductus arteriosus. Method: observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study with basic statistical analysis. Period: December/2014 to December/2022. Data: medical chart, reports of catheterization. Results: Forty-six patients, female 71.3%, male 28.7%; age: 0.6-38 years-old (median [Me]: 5.2); weight: 6.3-60 kg (Me: 16.5). Origin: Andean 91.3%, coast 8.7%. Types of patent ductus arteriosus: E 54.4%, A 32.6%, D 13%. Minimum ductal diameter: 1.8-11.8 mm (Me: 3.5). Mean pulmonary artery pressure prior to occlusion: 14-67 mmHg (Me: 27). Pulmonary vascular resistance index prior to occlusion: 0.28-4.9 WU/m2 (Me: 1.3). Six of them were classified as hypertensive patent ductus arteriosus. Occlusion rate: 47.8% immediate, 81% at 24 hours, 100% after six months. Fluoroscopy time: 2-13.8 minutes (Me: 4). Complications: a migrated device. Follow-up: 1-6.5 years. Conclusions: OcclutechTM Duct Occluder device was effective and safe for the closure of patent ductus arteriosus type E, A and D in low-altitude and high-altitude dwellers, whether they were children or adults, even when these ductus arteriosus were hypertensive.

Antecedentes y Objetivo: Presentar la experiencia en un país andino con el dispositivo OcclutechTM Duct Occluder para el cierre del conducto arterioso persistente. Método: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, de corte transversal con análisis estadístico básico. Periodo: diciembre/2014 a diciembre/2022. Datos: historia clínica, informes de laboratorio de cateterismo. Resultados: Cuarenta y seis pacientes; de sexo femenino 71.3%, de sexo masculino 28.7%; edad: 0.6-38 años (mediana [Me]: 5.2); peso: 6.3-60 kg (Me: 16.5). Procedencia: andina 91.3%, costa 8.7%. Tipos de conducto arterioso persistente: E 54.4%, A 32.6%, D 13%. Diámetro ductal mínimo: 1.8-11.8 mm (Me: 3.5). Presión media de la arteria pulmonar previo a la oclusión: 14-67 mmHg (Me: 27). Índice de resistencias vasculares pulmonares previo a la oclusión: 0.28-4.9 UW/m2 (Me: 1.3). Fueron catalogados como conductos arteriosos persistentes hipertensivos seis de ellos. Tasa de oclusión: inmediata el 47.8%, a las 24 horas el 81%, a los seis meses el 100%. Tiempo de fluoroscopia: 2-13.8 minutos (Me: 4). Complicaciones: un dispositivo migrado. Seguimiento: 1-6.5 años. Conclusiones: El dispositivo OcclutechTM Duct Occluder fue efectivo y seguro para el cierre de conducto arterioso persistente tipo E, A y D en habitantes de baja y alta altitud, ya sea que estos hubieran sido niños o adultos, incluso cuando estos conductos arteriosos fueron hipertensivos.

Resultados a corto plazo del tratamiento percutáneo de secuestro pulmonar en hospital pediátrico ubicado en la región andina: serie de casos / Short-term outcome of percutaneous treatment of pulmonary sequestration in a pediatric hospital in the Andes: a case series

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[Percutaneous exclusion of traumatic abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysm from a brachial approach]. / Exclusión percutánea de seudoaneurisma aórtico abdominal traumático desde acceso braquial.

Abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysm (AAP) is a rare lesion, although traumatic aortic injury is described as one of the main causes; both the rupture as the surgical treatment of the defect has high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, endovascular treatment either by chemical embolization or exclusion of defect with devices has emerged as an alternative treatment. However, there are risks such as occlusion of visceral vessels near the neck of the defect, embolization material or aortic rupture. Therefore, the choice of material and method of approach should be planned carefully in each case. We report a patient who ten years after abdominal wound firearm was diagnosed with AAP 17 x 13 cm, with short neck originated close to the ostium of the celiac trunk at an acute angle with the aortic axis. We perform the exclusion of the defect with a device designed for closing atrial septal defect from the left brachial access due to the angulation of the neck defect. There were no complications. At 72 hours was granted discharge. A month later, CT scan control showed the false aneurysm of equal size and no residual flow. The monitoring to date is five months and the patient remained asymptomatic.

[Double-chambered right ventricle: case series]. / Ventrículo derecho bicameral: serie de casos.

The double-chambered right ventricle is a rare congenital heart disease caused by hypertrophic anomalous muscle bands that divide the ventricular cavity, resulting in the formation of a high-pressure proximal chamber and other low-pressure distal one. Because of its evolving nature, its diagnosis is usually made during adolescence or adulthood. While pediatricians see patients whose age range is well established, currently pediatric cardiologists attend patients with cardiopathies from the fetal stage to adulthood, because they are more familiar with these malformations. We report a series of cases treated with divided right ventricle in a new public hospital (Congenital heart disease Section) of Buenos Aires province.

Ventrículo derecho bicameral: serie de casos / Double-chambered right ventricle: case series

El ventrículo derecho bicameral es una rara cardiopatía congénita producida por bandas musculares anómalas hipertróficas que dividen la cavidad ventricular, con formación de unacámara proximal de alta presión y otra distal de baja presión. Debido a su carácter evolutivo, su diagnóstico generalmente se realiza en la adolescencia o adultez. Si bien los pediatras atienden pacientes cuyo intervalo de edad está bien establecido, los cardiólogos pediátricos actualmente asisten a pacientes cardiópatas desde la etapa fetal hastala adultez, debido a que están más familiarizados con estas malformaciones. Presentamos una serie de casos con ventrículo derecho dividido,atendidos en un nuevo hospital público (Sección de Cardiopatías congénitas) en el conurbano bonaerense.

The double-chambered right ventricle is a rare congenital heart disease caused by hypertrophic anomalous muscle bands that divide the ventricular cavity, resulting in the formation of ahigh-pressure proximal chamber and other low-pressure distal one. Because of its evolving nature, its diagnosis is usually made during adolescence or adulthood. While pediatricians see patients whose age range is well established, currently pediatric cardiologists attend patients withcardiopathies from the fetal stage to adulthood, because they are more familiar with these malformations. We report a series of cases treated with divided right ventricle in a new public hospital (Congenital heart disease Section) of Buenos Aires province.

Ventrículo derecho bicameral: serie de casos / Double-chambered right ventricle: case series

El ventrículo derecho bicameral es una rara cardiopatía congénita producida por bandas musculares anómalas hipertróficas que dividen la cavidad ventricular, con formación de unacámara proximal de alta presión y otra distal de baja presión. Debido a su carácter evolutivo, su diagnóstico generalmente se realiza en la adolescencia o adultez. Si bien los pediatras atienden pacientes cuyo intervalo de edad está bien establecido, los cardiólogos pediátricos actualmente asisten a pacientes cardiópatas desde la etapa fetal hastala adultez, debido a que están más familiarizados con estas malformaciones. Presentamos una serie de casos con ventrículo derecho dividido,atendidos en un nuevo hospital público (Sección de Cardiopatías congénitas) en el conurbano bonaerense.(AU)

The double-chambered right ventricle is a rare congenital heart disease caused by hypertrophic anomalous muscle bands that divide the ventricular cavity, resulting in the formation of ahigh-pressure proximal chamber and other low-pressure distal one. Because of its evolving nature, its diagnosis is usually made during adolescence or adulthood. While pediatricians see patients whose age range is well established, currently pediatric cardiologists attend patients withcardiopathies from the fetal stage to adulthood, because they are more familiar with these malformations. We report a series of cases treated with divided right ventricle in a new public hospital (Congenital heart disease Section) of Buenos Aires province.(AU)

Percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus in adults using different devices.

Surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in adults involves a number of risks because there are associated anatomic and histologic alterations. Between October 1992 and August 2008, 23 patients were referred to our department with isolated patent ductus arteriosus. Their age ranged from 16-75 years (median 25.5 years) and their weight from 52-80 kg (median 57 kg). The pulmonary diameter ranged from 1.8-5.8 mm (mean 3.5 mm), and pulmonary artery pressure, from 9-72 mmHg (mean 15 mmHg). The rate of ductal occlusion achieved with the Rashkind patent ductus arteriosus occluder was 85.7%, and it was 100% with the Amplatzer duct occluder and the Nit-Occlud coil. The average hospitalization time and follow-up duration were 24 hours and 2 years, respectively. The only immediate complication was an inguinal hematoma, and there were no late complications. In adults, closure of patent ductus arteriosus using a number of different devices, especially the latest generation devices, was safe and effective, regardless of morphologic and histologic characteristics.

Cierre percutáneo del ductus con diferentes dispositivos en adultos / Percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus in adults using different devices

El cierre quirúrgico del conducto arterioso en adultos implica riesgos debido a sus cambios anatómicos e histológicos. Desde octubre de 1992 hasta agosto de 2008, fueron referidos a nuestro servicio 23 pacientes con conducto arterioso persistente aislado; edad, 16-75 años (mediana, 25,5); peso, 52-80 kg (mediana, 57); diámetro pulmonar, 1,8-5,8 mm (media, 3,5); presión media en la arteria pulmonar, 9-72 mmHg (media, 15). Las tasas de oclusión fueron del 85,7% con los dispositivos Rashkind-PDA y del 100% con Amplatzer Duct-Occluder y Nit-Occlud coil. Tiempo medio de internación y seguimiento: 24 h y 2 años respectivamente. La única complicación inmediata fue un hematoma inguinal; no hubo complicaciones alejadas. En adultos, el cierre del conducto arterioso con diferentes dispositivos, especialmente los de última generación, resultó seguro y eficaz, independientemente de su morfología y estado histológico (AU)

Surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in adults involves a number of risks because there are associated anatomic and histologic alterations. Between October 1992 and August 2008, 23 patients were referred to our department with isolated patent ductus arteriosus. Their age ranged from 16-75 years (median 25.5 years) and their weight from 52-80 kg (median 57 kg). The pulmonary diameter ranged from 1.8-5.8 mm (mean 3.5 mm), and pulmonary artery pressure, from 9-72 mmHg (mean 15 mmHg). The rate of ductal occlusion achieved with the Rashkind patent ductus arteriosus occluder was 85.7%, and it was 100% with the Amplatzer duct occluder and the Nit-Occlud coil. The average hospitalization time and follow-up duration were 24 hours and 2 years, respectively. The only immediate complication was an inguinal hematoma, and there were no late complications. In adults, closure of patent ductus arteriosus using a number of different devices, especially the latest generation devices, was safe and effective, regardless of morphologic and histologic characteristics (AU)

Percutaneous closure of a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt using an amplatzer vascular plug.

Modified Blalock-Taussig shunts are usually clamped during the successive corrective or palliative surgical procedures carried out to treat underlying congenital heart disease, though at times they may be left permeable for a number of reasons. Subsequently, when this is no longer considered necessary and closure is indicated, the method of choice is percutaneous embolization using various coils or other devices. We report on a series of patients in whom this type of shunt was closed successfully via an arterial approach using a new device: the Amplatzer Vascular Plug. In addition to employing a controlled-release system, this type of plug has the advantage that it can be implanted using low-profile catheters. The patients were 1, 4 and 23 years old, respectively, and no complications were reported. The fluoroscopy time was 10, 11 and 9 minutes, respectively, and patients were followed up for 42 months.

Embolización percutánea de anastomosis modificada de Blalock-Taussig con Amplatzer Vascular Plug / Percutaneous closure of a modified blalock-taussig shunt using an amplatzer vascular plug

La anastomosis de Blalock-Taussig modificada habitualmente se liga durante las sucesivas cirugías correctoras o paliativas de las cardiopatías congénitas subyacentes, aunque a veces se la mantiene permeable por diversas razones. A posteriori, cuando se considera que ya no es necesaria, se indica su oclusión, y actualmente la embolización percutánea con diversos coils o dispositivos es el método de elección. Comunicamos una serie de pacientes con este tipo de anastomosis ocluidas exitosamente desde un abordaje arterial con el nuevo dispositivo Amplatzer Vascular Plug que, además de tener un sistema de liberación controlada, cuenta con la ventaja de que se puede implantar a través de catéteres de pequeño calibre. Los pacientes eran de 1, 4 y 23 años; no hubo complicaciones. Los tiempos de fluoroscopia fueron 10, 11 y 9 min respectivamente, con seguimiento hasta 42 meses (AU)

Modified Blalock-Taussig shunts are usually clamped during the successive corrective or palliative surgical procedures carried out to treat underlying congenital heart disease, though at times they may be left permeable for a number of reasons. Subsequently, when this is no longer considered necessary and closure is indicated, the method of choice is percutaneous embolization using various coils or other devices. We report on a series of patients in whom this type of shunt was closed successfully via an arterial approach using a new device: the Amplatzer Vascular Plug. In addition to employing a controlled-release system, this type of plug has the advantage that it can be implanted using low-profile catheters. The patients were 1, 4 and 23 years old, respectively, and no complications were reported. The fluoroscopy time was 10, 11 and 9 minutes, respectively, and patients were followed up for 42 months (AU)

[Chronic wheezing child and type "D" double aortic arch: case report]. / Niño sibilante crónico y doble arco aórtico tipo "D": informe de un caso.

Right aortic arch with retroesophageal left innominate artery is an unusual pathology. The presence of patent ductus arteriosus, or left ductal ligament, does complete the vascular ring (Type "D" double aortic arch). In infants with dysphagia, stridor and/ or recurrent wheezing, presence of vascular rings may be suspected. In older patients this diagnosis is less common. Children in school age or older with risk factors, positive bronchodilator test and bad evolution, could have other unusual etiologies. We report an 8 year old patient with previous diagnosis of asthma with inadequate response to treatment in whom this non-frequent type of vascular ring was confirmed.

Niño sibilante crónico y doble arcoaórtico tipo “D”: informe de un caso / Chronic wheezing child and type D double aortic arch: case report

El arco aórtico derecho con arteria innominada izquierda retroesofágica es una rara patología, que sumada a la presencia del ductus arterioso permeable o ligamento ductal izquierdo conforma un anillo vascular (doble arco aórtico de tipo D). La sospecha diagnóstica de anillo vascular es alta enlactantes con disfagia, estridor o síndromes de obstrucción bronquial a repetición; pasada esa edad, esta presunción diagnóstica es menor. En niños escolares o mayores con ralessibilantes recurrentes, prueba broncodilatadora positiva y mala evolución, además de pensar en asma como posible etiología, es menester descartar otras causas menos frecuentes. Presentamos el caso de una niña de 8 años con diagnóstico de asma con mala respuesta al tratamiento en quien se confirmó este raro tipo de anillo vascular.

[Pulsatile Fontan: transcatheter closure of patent pulmonary artery. Follow up mid-term]. / Fontan pulsátil: oclusión transcatéter de la arteria pulmonar permeable. Seguimiento a mediano plazo.

OBJECTIVE: We report the percutaneous closure of the pulmonary artery with residual shunt in patients with Fontan type circuit. METHOD: Patients aged 9 and 11 years, with SaO2 of 88 and 96%, respectively. One of them coursing with headaches and functional class II. Both patients with total cavopulmonary anastomosis and fenestrated extracardiac conduit and permeable pulmonary artery (pulsatile Fontan). An Amplatzer duct-occluder device was implanted in the pulmonary artery entering from the femoral vein. Follow-up by means of clinical examination, imaging, and catetherization was pursued. RESULTS: Case 1, patency fenestration, Qp/Qs: 0.7/1. Case 2, closed fenestration, Qp/Qs; 1.3/1. We obtained immediate occlusion with 6/4 and 8/6 devices, respectively; pressure recordings revealed modification of the arterial morphology to biphasic; pulmonary pressure dropped 2 mm Hg in the first patient, without alteration in the second case; no changes in SaO2 were registered. Time of fluoroscopy was 57 and 45 minutes, respectively. Follow-up was maintained for 2.8 and 2.3 years, respectively. In patient 1, headaches disappeared and the fenestration was occluded with an Amplatzer septal-occluder one year later, raising SaO2 to 96%; no complications occurred nor was recanalization of the pulmonary artery needed in either case. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous occlusion of patent pulmonary artery in patients with Fontan type circuit is a feasible and effective procedure, and avoids overload of the single ventricle.

Fontan pulsátil: oclusión transcatéter de la arteria pulmonar permeable. Seguimiento a mediano plazo / Pulsatile Fontan: transcatheter closure of patent pulmonary artery. Follow up mid-term

OBJECTIVE: We report the percutaneous closure of the pulmonary artery with residual shunt in patients with Fontan type circuit. METHOD: Patients aged 9 and 11 years, with SaO2 of 88 and 96%, respectively. One of them coursing with headaches and functional class II. Both patients with total cavopulmonary anastomosis and fenestrated extracardiac conduit and permeable pulmonary artery (pulsatile Fontan). An Amplatzer duct-occluder device was implanted in the pulmonary artery entering from the femoral vein. Follow-up by means of clinical examination, imaging, and catetherization was pursued. RESULTS: Case 1, patency fenestration, Qp/Qs: 0.7/1. Case 2, closed fenestration, Qp/Qs; 1.3/1. We obtained immediate occlusion with 6/4 and 8/6 devices, respectively; pressure recordings revealed modification of the arterial morphology to biphasic; pulmonary pressure dropped 2 mm Hg in the first patient, without alteration in the second case; no changes in SaO2 were registered. Time of fluoroscopy was 57 and 45 minutes, respectively. Follow-up was maintained for 2.8 and 2.3 years, respectively. In patient 1, headaches disappeared and the fenestration was occluded with an Amplatzer septal-occluder one year later, raising SaO2 to 96%; no complications occurred nor was recanalization of the pulmonary artery needed in either case. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous occlusion of patent pulmonary artery in patients with Fontan type circuit is a feasible and effective procedure, and avoids overload of the single ventricle.

Cierre de fístula coronaria con Amplatzer vascular plug en el paciente pediátrico / Closure of a Coronary Fistula with an Amplatzer Vascular Plug in a Pediatric Patient

La fístula coronaria congénita es una patología poco frecuente y en general asintomática, por lo que muchas veces se diagnostica por un hallazgo incidental. Con dependencia de la repercusión hemodinámica, algunos siguen una conducta conservadora, otros indican tratamiento quirúrgico o, más recientemente, oclusión por cateterismo. Se presenta el caso de una paciente con una gran fístula coronaria-cameral, que se trató mediante embolización percutánea con dispositivo Amplatzer vascular plug. No se presentaron complicaciones durante el procedimiento ni en el seguimiento.

Congenital coronary fistula is an infrequent condition generally asymptomatic, which is mostly diagnosed by an incidental finding. Depending on the presence of hemodynamic compromise, coronary fistulas may be treated with a conservative approach, with surgery or, recently, with transcatheter closure. We present a case report of a patient with a large coronarycameral fistula treated with percutaneous embolization with Amplatzer vascular plug. No complications developed during the procedure and follow-up.

[Patent ductus arteriosus closure using a new device: the Nit-Occlud device]. / Cierre del ductus arterioso permeable con un nuevo tipo de dispositivo: Nit-Occlud.

Between May 2003 and July 2006, we carried out percutaneous patent ductus arteriosus closure using a Nit-Occlud device in 28 patients, who had a median age of 1.8 years (range 0.5-21 years) and a median weight of 10.9 kg (range 5.9-64 kg). The ductus arteriosus had several different morphologic forms, and there was one postsurgical recanalization of the ductus arteriosus. The median minimum ductal diameter was 1.8 mm and the median maximum aortic ampulla diameter was 6.5 mm. The occlusion rate immediately after intervention was 53.5%, which increased to 95.2% by 12 months and to 100% by 18 months. The median follow-up time was 20.5 months. The Nit-Occlud device provided an effective and safe means of patent ductus arteriosus closure, irrespective of ductus morphology.

Cierre del ductus arterioso permeable con un nuevo tipo de dispositivo: Nit-Occlud / Patent ductus arteriosus closure using a new device: the Nit-Occlud device

Entre mayo de 2003 y julio de 2006, efectuamos cierre ductal con dispositivo Nit-Occlud en 28 pacientes con edades de 0,5-21 años (mediana, 1,8 años) y peso de 5,9-64 kg (mediana, 10,9 kg). Los conductos tuvieron una variada morfología, e incluían una recanalización posquirúrgica. Las medias del diámetro ductal mínimo y el extremo aórtico fueron de 1,8 y 6,5 mm, respectivamente. La tasa de oclusión inmediata fue del 53,5%, y llegó al 95,2% al año y al 100% a los 18 meses. La media de seguimiento fue de 20,5 meses. El Nit-Occlud resultó útil y seguro para el cierre ductal, independientemente de su tipo morfológico (AU)

Between May 2003 and July 2006, we carried out percutaneous patent ductus arteriosus closure using a Nit-Occlud device in 28 patients, who had a median age of 1.8 years (range 0.5-21 years) and a median weight of 10.9 kg (range 5.9-64 kg). The ductus arteriosus had several different morphologic forms, and there was one postsurgical recanalization of the ductus arteriosus. The median minimum ductal diameter was 1.8 mm and the median maximum aortic ampulla diameter was 6.5 mm. The occlusion rate immediately after intervention was 53.5%, which increased to 95.2% by 12 months and to 100% by 18 months. The median follow-up time was 20.5 months. The Nit-Occlud device provided an effective and safe means of patent ductus arteriosus closure, irrespective of ductus morphology (AU)

Stent ductal en cardiopatías congénitas dependientes del ductus: seguimiento a mediano plazo / Ductal stenting in congenital heart disease with ductus dependent circulation: mid-term follow up

Objetivo: Presentar nuestra experiencia con el empleo de stent para mantener la permeabilidad ductal en cardiopatías congénitas dependientes del ductus. Método y resultados: En tres pacientes de entre 2 y 9 días de vida con atresia pulmonar se colocaron cuatro stents por cateterismo, sin complicaciones. El tiempo de seguimiento promedio fue de 411 días (123 a 721 días). Dos stents se redilataron exitosamente. Un paciente fue sometido a cirugía, uno interrumpió sus controles cuatro meses después y otro espera cirugía. La saturación promedio aumentó del 61 por ciento al 80 por ciento. Conclusiones: En pacientes con cardiopatías cuya circulación depende del ductus arterioso, el implante del stent fue factible y efectivo a corto y mediano plazos.